Process of manufacturing incandescent mantles.



No. 69s,|02. Patented Apr. z2, |902.

y a. BUHLMANNA. PROCESS 0F MANUFACTURING INCANDESCENT MANTLES.

(Application filed June 29, 1901.)

No. 698,|02. Patented Apr.'22, 1902.

G. BUHLMANN.

PROCESS 0F NIANUFAGTURING INCAND'ESCEIT MANTLES.

(Application med .nm '29, 1901.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

TH: Nonms PETERS 0o. PNoToUTNo.. YvAsNlNuTON. D, c.

Vas

UNiTED "STATES PATENT CEErCE'.-

GEoEG EUELMANN, oEEEELIN, GERMANY.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING `INQANDESCENT IVIANTLES.

sPEoIrrcA'rroN aiming para of Letters Patent No. 698,102, dated A105122-, 190e.

.Application `led .T une 29, 1901. Serial No. 66,583. `(No specimens.)

To all whom it may conoeinf Be it known that I, GEORG BUHLMANN, manufacturer, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of b Koepenicker street, Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented a new and useful Process of Manufacturing Incandescent Mantles, of which the following is anexact specification' My inventionyrelates to a process for man` ufacturing incandescent mantles,and has esf pecially for its purpose to provide a process by means of which the mantlesv are at the same time reduced to ashes and brought in which two operations have to' proper shape, be effected separately in the processes known up to date. It has been tried'already to burn the mantles upon refractory cores in mufflefnrnaces or in muffies in one operation; but this process has proved in practice to be very unpractical and expensive. This process has, further, the disadvantage that by the slow de# composition of the nitrates the luminous effect of the mantles is considerably reduced. Therefore this process has practically not been used at all, the only process used consisting in first reducing the impregnated mantle to ashes and then exposing the shrunken mantleto a flame directed radially toward the outside in order to bring the same into proper shape. iialne either the mantle or the Aburner had to be moved upward and downward in order to expose gradually the whole mantle to the anie. This process depends. greatly upon the skill of the workman and has the great disadvantage that always only part of the mantle is heated and herewith gets a greater elasticity, whereby it is attainedk that a dislocation of the elastic parts in regard to the other parts of the mantle takes place, by means of which dislocation the structure of the mantle gets loose'and tensions vor the like irregularities in the pseudomorphose of the oxids arise. iThese disadvantages are done away with by the object ot'A the present invention. V

The process consists in placing the impregnated mantle around la wire webbing the form of which corresponds to the desired form lof the mantle, whereby the diameter of the wirewebbing mantle is a little bit smaller In exposing the mantle to the thanv the diameter of the mantle to be man-u; factured. Now a mixture of gas and air is led with a certain velocity .into the interior of the wire-webbing mantle, whereafter the mixture is lighted on the outside ot' the mantle, so that a burning cover is formed around this wire-webbing mantle. This burning cover serves for reducing the mantle to ashes and at the same time for bringing the same into its proper shape. The impregnated mantle is at first reduced to'ashes with great rapidi ity by means of the heat produced by the burning cover and by its being reduced to ashes shrinks together until it reaches the burning cover. v In this position the glowing properof the mantle takes place, whereby the mantle adopts without any manual help the shape of the wire-webbing mantle.

Thepr'ocess may also be carried into eect by bringing a burning iiameinto the wire; `webbing or the like mantle .by which iiame the Ywhole mantle begins to glow, which glow-v ing may also be caused by any other heating source. ln this case a very hot air-mantle will Vbe formed around the metal mantle, which hot air influences the impregnated mantle in the same way as the burning cover mentioned above. p i

In the accompanying drawings the process is illustrated in its dilferent states.

Figure l shows the apparatus for carrying the same into effect in a small scale. The apparatus consists of a burner-pipe A, to which gas is A a blowpipe C is fixed, which is connected led through the pipe B. To the pipe with an air-pipe C. To the upper edge of'` Fig. 2 shows the sieve-body D with. thev rough, impregnated, and unburnedmantle E.

Fig. l3 shows the burning andthe simultaneously contractingand shrinking of the.`

mantle. F is the layer of Iiames, which .p

forms around the sieve-body D. Fig. 4 shows the mantle ready for being taken 0E.

The special advantages ofthe process con-4 sist especially in the mantles being perfectly alike in form, which nevel-.could be attained IOG by the processes used up to date. At the same time the losses arising by the cracking of the mantles and the bad shapes of the same are reduced to a minimum by the new process of treating the same, by means of which process it is attained that the treating of the mantles no more depends upon the skill of the workmen. Furthermore, the process goes on much quicker than the processes known up to date, especially the transformation of the impregnated mantle into the pseudomorphose of the oxids, which transformation lasts only a few seconds, while, for instance, when carried into effect by means of burning the mantles in muffles this process lasts about twenty-four hours. 

